Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995. It is a general-purpose language that is primarily used for developing software applications and websites. It is platform independent, meaning that code written in Java can run on any operating system or device, provided that the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is installed on the device. Java is based on the syntax of the C and C++ programming languages, and it is a strongly-typed language, meaning that all variables must be declared with a specific type before being used. Java also includes a number of built-in libraries and frameworks, such as the Java SE (Standard Edition) collection of libraries, which provide tools and functions to assist in developing software applications and websites. Java also includes several security features, such as the Java Security Manager, which helps to protect an application from malicious code. Java is widely used to develop enterprise applications, web applications, desktop applications, mobile applications, and games. Popular websites such as Google, LinkedIn, and eBay all make use of Java in some capacity. Java is also used in the development of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as smart home devices and connected cars.
It is very popular, can do everything Java can and very powerful.
It is general purpose, native, and powerful.
Flexibility: you can program virtually anything that can be coded. Fast execution times.
Powerful, object-oriented and with very wide possibilities of use.
It is very low level, compared to Java. It is not quite general purpose like Java.
java is an operation-oriented language, while c and c++ are general-purpose languages.
C# and Java are almost identical. Besides the fact that they are being led by different companies, they have almost the same performance profile and the same syntax.
Scala was made with the explicit purpose of being a better Java. It is more concise and has many more useful features.
Dart has no ability to handle the user interface at all. Java also does desktop!
NET Framework is not really a language, but something that visual languages can interact with.
Python
JavaScript
PHP
C++
C (programming language)
C#
Ruby
Go (Programming Language)
Rust
OpenJDK
Haskell
Scala
Dart
D (Programming Language)
Apple Swift
Julia
Nim (programming language)
Haxe
.NET Framework
Tcl
I can almost do everything Java can and sometimes a little better.